Getting a Job

Getting a job assesses restrictions on women’s work such as prohibitions on working at night or in certain industries. This indicator also covers laws on work-related maternity, paternity, and parental benefits and on retirement ages. Some differentiations in labor law may increase job opportunities for women, while others may limit them. Parental leave policies are generally expected to generate a more equitable division of childrearing responsibilities, giving women the same opportunities for career advancement as men. But restrictions on working hours or participation in certain industries—ostensibly designed to protect women—may end up limiting their ability to get the jobs they want. Similarly, gender-differentiated retirement ages have the potential to affect career prospects, lifetime earnings, pension benefits and retirement savings. For the first time, the report presents data on equal-pay-for-equal-work legislation, designed to improve women’s income levels.

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Economy ▲	Region	Can women work the same night hours as men?	Can women work in the same industries as men?	Can pregnant women and nursing mothers work the same number of hours as men and other women?
Albania	Eastern Europe & Central AsiaECA	Yes	Yes	No
Algeria	Middle East & North AfricaMENA	No	Yes	Yes
Angola	Sub-Saharan AfricaSSA	Yes	Yes	No
Argentina	Latin America & CaribbeanLAC	Yes	Yes	Yes
Armenia	Eastern Europe & Central AsiaECA	Yes	Yes	Yes
Australia	Organisation for Economic Co-operation and DevelopmentOECD	Yes	Yes	Yes
Austria	Organisation for Economic Co-operation and DevelopmentOECD	Yes	Yes	No
Azerbaijan	Eastern Europe & Central AsiaECA	No	No	No
Bangladesh	South AsiaSA	Yes	No	Yes
Belarus	Eastern Europe & Central AsiaECA	Yes	No	No
Belgium	Organisation for Economic Co-operation and DevelopmentOECD	Yes	Yes	No
Benin	Sub-Saharan AfricaSSA	Yes	No	No
Bolivia	Latin America & CaribbeanLAC	No	No	Yes
Bosnia and Herzegovina	Eastern Europe & Central AsiaECA	Yes	No	Yes
Botswana	Sub-Saharan AfricaSSA	Yes	Yes	Yes
Brazil	Latin America & CaribbeanLAC	Yes	Yes	Yes
Bulgaria	Eastern Europe & Central AsiaECA	Yes	Yes	No
Burkina Faso	Sub-Saharan AfricaSSA	Yes	Yes	Yes
Burundi	Sub-Saharan AfricaSSA	Yes	Yes	Yes
Cambodia	East Asia & PacificEAP	Yes	Yes	Yes
Cameroon	Sub-Saharan AfricaSSA	No	No	No
Canada	Organisation for Economic Co-operation and DevelopmentOECD	Yes	Yes	Yes
Chad	Sub-Saharan AfricaSSA	No	No	Yes
Chile	Latin America & CaribbeanLAC	Yes	Yes	No
China	East Asia & PacificEAP	Yes	No	No
Colombia	Latin America & CaribbeanLAC	Yes	No	No
Congo, Dem. Rep.	Sub-Saharan AfricaSSA	No	No	Yes
Congo, Rep.	Sub-Saharan AfricaSSA	No	No	Yes
Costa Rica	Latin America & CaribbeanLAC	No	No	Yes
Côte d'Ivoire	Sub-Saharan AfricaSSA	Yes	No	No
Croatia	Eastern Europe & Central AsiaECA	Yes	Yes	Yes
Czech Republic	Organisation for Economic Co-operation and DevelopmentOECD	Yes	No	No
Denmark	Organisation for Economic Co-operation and DevelopmentOECD	Yes	Yes	Yes
Dominican Republic	Latin America & CaribbeanLAC	Yes	Yes	Yes
Ecuador	Latin America & CaribbeanLAC	Yes	No	Yes
Egypt, Arab Rep.	Middle East & North AfricaMENA	No	No	Yes
El Salvador	Latin America & CaribbeanLAC	Yes	Yes	Yes
Estonia	Organisation for Economic Co-operation and DevelopmentOECD	Yes	Yes	No
Ethiopia	Sub-Saharan AfricaSSA	Yes	No	No
Fiji	East Asia & PacificEAP	Yes	No	Yes
Finland	Organisation for Economic Co-operation and DevelopmentOECD	Yes	Yes	Yes
France	Organisation for Economic Co-operation and DevelopmentOECD	Yes	No	Yes
Gabon	Sub-Saharan AfricaSSA	No	No	No
Georgia	Eastern Europe & Central AsiaECA	Yes	Yes	No
Germany	Organisation for Economic Co-operation and DevelopmentOECD	Yes	Yes	No
Ghana	Sub-Saharan AfricaSSA	Yes	Yes	Yes
Greece	Organisation for Economic Co-operation and DevelopmentOECD	Yes	Yes	Yes
Guatemala	Latin America & CaribbeanLAC	Yes	Yes	Yes
Guinea	Sub-Saharan AfricaSSA	No	No	No
Honduras	Latin America & CaribbeanLAC	Yes	Yes	No
Hong Kong SAR, China	East Asia & PacificEAP	Yes	Yes	Yes
Hungary	Organisation for Economic Co-operation and DevelopmentOECD	Yes	No	No
Iceland	Organisation for Economic Co-operation and DevelopmentOECD	Yes	Yes	Yes
India	South AsiaSA	No	No	Yes
Indonesia	East Asia & PacificEAP	Yes	Yes	No
Iran, Islamic Rep.	Middle East & North AfricaMENA	Yes	No	Yes
Ireland	Organisation for Economic Co-operation and DevelopmentOECD	Yes	Yes	Yes
Israel	Organisation for Economic Co-operation and DevelopmentOECD	Yes	No	No
Italy	Organisation for Economic Co-operation and DevelopmentOECD	Yes	Yes	No
Jamaica	Latin America & CaribbeanLAC	No	No	Yes
Japan	Organisation for Economic Co-operation and DevelopmentOECD	Yes	No	Yes
Jordan	Middle East & North AfricaMENA	No	No	Yes
Kazakhstan	Eastern Europe & Central AsiaECA	Yes	No	No
Kenya	Sub-Saharan AfricaSSA	Yes	No	Yes
Korea, Rep.	Organisation for Economic Co-operation and DevelopmentOECD	Yes	No	Yes
Kosovo	Eastern Europe & Central AsiaECA	Yes	Yes	No
Kuwait	Middle East & North AfricaMENA	No	No	Yes
Kyrgyz Republic	Eastern Europe & Central AsiaECA	Yes	No	Yes
Lao PDR	East Asia & PacificEAP	Yes	Yes	No
Latvia	Eastern Europe & Central AsiaECA	Yes	Yes	Yes
Lebanon	Middle East & North AfricaMENA	Yes	No	Yes
Lesotho	Sub-Saharan AfricaSSA	Yes	No	Yes
Liberia	Sub-Saharan AfricaSSA	Yes	Yes	Yes
Lithuania	Eastern Europe & Central AsiaECA	Yes	Yes	Yes
Macedonia, FYR	Eastern Europe & Central AsiaECA	No	No	No
Madagascar	Sub-Saharan AfricaSSA	No	No	No
Malawi	Sub-Saharan AfricaSSA	Yes	Yes	Yes
Malaysia	East Asia & PacificEAP	No	No	Yes
Mali	Sub-Saharan AfricaSSA	No	No	No
Mauritania	Sub-Saharan AfricaSSA	No	No	Yes
Mauritius	Sub-Saharan AfricaSSA	Yes	Yes	No
Mexico	Latin America & CaribbeanLAC	Yes	Yes	No
Moldova	Eastern Europe & Central AsiaECA	No	No	No
Mongolia	East Asia & PacificEAP	Yes	No	Yes
Montenegro	Eastern Europe & Central AsiaECA	No	No	No
Morocco	Middle East & North AfricaMENA	No	No	Yes
Mozambique	Sub-Saharan AfricaSSA	Yes	No	No
Namibia	Sub-Saharan AfricaSSA	Yes	Yes	No
Nepal	South AsiaSA	No	Yes	Yes
Netherlands	Organisation for Economic Co-operation and DevelopmentOECD	Yes	Yes	No
New Zealand	Organisation for Economic Co-operation and DevelopmentOECD	Yes	Yes	Yes
Nicaragua	Latin America & CaribbeanLAC	Yes	Yes	No
Niger	Sub-Saharan AfricaSSA	Yes	No	No
Nigeria	Sub-Saharan AfricaSSA	No	No	Yes
Norway	Organisation for Economic Co-operation and DevelopmentOECD	Yes	Yes	Yes
Oman	Middle East & North AfricaMENA	No	No	Yes
Pakistan	South AsiaSA	No	No	Yes
Panama	Latin America & CaribbeanLAC	Yes	No	No
Papua New Guinea	East Asia & PacificEAP	No	No	Yes
Paraguay	Latin America & CaribbeanLAC	Yes	Yes	No
Peru	Latin America & CaribbeanLAC	Yes	Yes	Yes
Philippines	East Asia & PacificEAP	No	Yes	Yes
Poland	Organisation for Economic Co-operation and DevelopmentOECD	Yes	No	No
Portugal	Organisation for Economic Co-operation and DevelopmentOECD	Yes	Yes	Yes
Puerto Rico (U.S.)	Latin America & CaribbeanLAC	Yes	Yes	Yes
Romania	Eastern Europe & Central AsiaECA	Yes	Yes	No
Russian Federation	Eastern Europe & Central AsiaECA	Yes	No	No
Rwanda	Sub-Saharan AfricaSSA	Yes	Yes	No
Saudi Arabia	Middle East & North AfricaMENA	No	No	Yes
Senegal	Sub-Saharan AfricaSSA	No	No	No
Serbia	Eastern Europe & Central AsiaECA	Yes	Yes	No
Sierra Leone	Sub-Saharan AfricaSSA	No	No	Yes
Singapore	East Asia & PacificEAP	Yes	Yes	Yes
Slovak Republic	Organisation for Economic Co-operation and DevelopmentOECD	Yes	Yes	Yes
Slovenia	Organisation for Economic Co-operation and DevelopmentOECD	No	No	No
South Africa	Sub-Saharan AfricaSSA	Yes	Yes	Yes
Spain	Organisation for Economic Co-operation and DevelopmentOECD	Yes	Yes	Yes
Sri Lanka	South AsiaSA	No	Yes	Yes
Sudan	Sub-Saharan AfricaSSA	No	No	Yes
Sweden	Organisation for Economic Co-operation and DevelopmentOECD	Yes	Yes	Yes
Switzerland	Organisation for Economic Co-operation and DevelopmentOECD	Yes	Yes	No
Syrian Arab Republic	Middle East & North AfricaMENA	No	No	Yes
Taiwan, China	East Asia & PacificEAP	No	No	Yes
Tajikistan	Eastern Europe & Central AsiaECA	No	No	No
Tanzania	Sub-Saharan AfricaSSA	Yes	Yes	No
Thailand	East Asia & PacificEAP	Yes	No	No
Togo	Sub-Saharan AfricaSSA	Yes	Yes	No
Tunisia	Middle East & North AfricaMENA	No	No	Yes
Turkey	Eastern Europe & Central AsiaECA	No	No	No
Uganda	Sub-Saharan AfricaSSA	Yes	Yes	Yes
Ukraine	Eastern Europe & Central AsiaECA	No	No	No
United Arab Emirates	Middle East & North AfricaMENA	No	No	Yes
United Kingdom	Organisation for Economic Co-operation and DevelopmentOECD	Yes	Yes	Yes
United States	Organisation for Economic Co-operation and DevelopmentOECD	Yes	Yes	Yes
Uruguay	Latin America & CaribbeanLAC	Yes	Yes	Yes
Uzbekistan	Eastern Europe & Central AsiaECA	Yes	No	Yes
Venezuela, RB	Latin America & CaribbeanLAC	Yes	Yes	Yes
Vietnam	East Asia & PacificEAP	Yes	No	No
West Bank and Gaza	Middle East & North AfricaMENA	No	No	No
Yemen, Rep.	Middle East & North AfricaMENA	No	No	No
Zambia	Sub-Saharan AfricaSSA	Yes	Yes	Yes
Zimbabwe	Sub-Saharan AfricaSSA	No	No	No

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